SQL SERVER INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PART1

In this tutorial, we will learn-

What is Data?
What is a database?
What is a Database Management System?
Types of DBMS


Q:-What is Data?
Ans-: Data is raw fact and figure.
Data can be facts related to any object.
For ex- your name, age, height, weight, etc are some data related to you.
A picture , image , file , pdf etc can also be data.

Q:-What is a Database?
Ans- A database is a well organized collection of data.
Database support storage and  manipulation of data.
Database makes data management easy.
For ex-
An online telephone directory would definitely use database to store data pertaining to people, phone numbers etc.

An electricity service provider is obviously using a database to manage billing , client related issues etc.

Facebook needs to store, manipulate and present data related to members, their friends, member activities, messages.


Q:-What is Database Management System (DBMS)?
Ans-: Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of programs or software, which enables its users to access database, manipulate data,representation of data .
And also helps to control access to the  database.

DBMS is not a new concept and had been first implemented in 1960s.

Integrated Data Store (IDS) developed by Charles Bachmen is said to be the first DBMS in history.

Types of DBMS:-

Hierarchical DBMS- It shows the "parent-child" relationship of storing data.
It is rarely used nowadays.Structure of it is like a tree with nodes
representing records and branches representing fields.
Windows registry used in Windows XP is an example of a hierarchical.
Configuration settings are stored as tree structures with nodes.

Network DBMS - It supports many-to many relationship. This usually results
in complex database structures. RDM Server is an example of a
DBMS that implements the network model.

Relational DBMS - It defines database relationships in form of tables,
also known as relations. Unlike network DBMS, RDBMS does not support many to many
relationships. RDBMS usually have pre-defined data types that they can support.
This is the most popular DBMS type in the market.
Examples of RDBMS are MySQL, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server database.

Object Oriented RDBMS - It supports storage of new data types.
Here data is stored in form of objects. The objects are stored in the data
base have attributes (i.e. gender, age) and methods that define what to do with the data.
PostgreSQL is an example of an object oriented RDBMS.